Brazilians in Michel de Montaignes Essay Of Cannibals -- Montaigne Es

Brazilians in Michel de Montaignes Essay Of CannibalsWhen describing native Brazilian raft in his 1580 essay, Of Cannibals, Michel de Montaigne states, Truly here are real savages by our standards for either they moldiness be thoroughly so, or we must be there is an fearful distance between their character and ours (158). Montaigne doesnt always maintain this astound distance, however, between savages and non-savages or between Brazilians and Europeans he first portrays Brazilians as non-barbaric people who are not like Europeans, then as non-barbarians who best realise traditional European values, and finally as barbarians who are diametrically remote to Europeans. First, Montaigne portrays Brazilians as non-barbaric people who are not like Europeans. He asserts, I think there is nothing barbarous and savage in that state of matterexcept that each man calls barbarism whatever is not his protest practice (152). Through his discussion of certain salient qualities that go down these other, non-barbaric, Brazilian people, Montaigne actually elevates the Brazilians higher up Europeans. For example, he writes, Those Brazilian people are wild, just as we call wild the fruits that Nature has produced by herself and in her normal line of business whereas really it is those that we wealthy person changed artificially and led astray from the common drift, that we should earlier call wild (152). After likening wild Brazilians to wild fruits, he implies that they both retain alive and vigorous their genuine, their most useful and natural, virtues and properties, which we have debased in the artificial fruits in adapting them to gratify our corrupted taste (152). For Montaigne, hysteria and natural virtues are characteristics that are u... ...s the superiority of the former to the latter in the second case, he greatly decreases the distance between the two groups and the aim of superiority that Brazilians have all over Europeans. Finally, his e ssay, as a whole, ultimately reinstates a great distance between the two groups, and Europeans reclaim superiority over Brazilians. Notably, in the first two cases, nature is also elevated above art, but art finally subjugates nature. Perhaps this is because Montaigne identifies with Lycurgus and Plato who could not believe that our society could be maintained with so little artifice and human solder (153). Montaignes essay suggests that he relies on the artifice of his writing and interpretations to explore and define social groups, explore and establish social hierarchies, and maintain social order in a manner that ultimately favors him and his people.

Ivanhoe :: Essays Papers

Ivanhoe Ivanhoe Written by Sir Walter Scott Narrative text Structure Characters Wilifred of Ivanhoe Maurice De Bracy pouf Richard Black Knight Prince John robin stumper Locksley Isaac of York, the Jew Cedric the Saxon Lady Rebecca, daughter of Isaac of York Sir Brian de Bois-Guilbert Lady Rowena Reginald Front-de-Boeuf Wamba, the jester Sir Philip Malvoisin Gurth, servant to Wilifred of Ivanhoe Templar friar Tuck Location England, more specifically- In that pleasant district of brisk England which is watered by the river Don there extended in antiquated times a large forest covering the greater separate of the pleasant town of Doncaster. The remains of this extensive woods are cool it to be seen at the noble seats of Wentworth, of Wharncliffe Park, and around Rotherham. -Ivanhoe, Sir Walter Scott Time A period of time toward the end of the reign of Richard I, which lasted fro m 1157-1199 AD Protagonist Robin Hood Locksley Goal To defeat Prince John and have him exiled or kill Antagonist Prince John, Maurice De Bracy, and Reginald Front-de-Boeuf Problem De Bracy and Front-de-Boeuf capture Cedric the Saxon and all the people travelling with him and the household of Isaac the Jew, with whom was Wilifred of Ivanhoe Climax When Locksley announced that he was Robin Hood to King Richard Resolution Richard is restored to the throne and Prince John is given what he deserves Plot in that respect is to be a jousting match and other such games sponsored by Prince John.

The Role of Media in Society

In the world of today, media has become almost as necessary as food and clothing. It is true that media is playing an outstanding role in modify the society. It helps us to know current situations around the world. The media has a strong kind and cultural impact upon society. Because of its inherent ability to reach large good turn of public, it is widely used to convey messages to build public opinion and awareness, its indebtedness is to inform, educate and entertain the people.One of the major duties of media today is to inform the people near the latest happening around them and the world. They cover all the aspects of our interest akin weather, politics, war, health, finance, science, fashion, music, etc. The need for more and more news has evolved into creation of sanctified TV &038 radio channels and magazines. People can listen, watch and conduct latest news whenever and wherever they want. Media people from television and print takes the stake of their lives to info rm us about important news.The original idea fanny the media was certainly to entertain masses. Media connects us through several mediums. Especially mesh has become a need almost for every single several(prenominal) both for our work and to connect with our friends. Facebook, is a global website where everyone can patsy up and have an account. Since 2004 facebook has impacted the world. 80 percent of social media users pick to connect with brands through Facebook because of its popularity.Roughly, near of 163,071,460 of americans have a facebook account. This is more than the fractional of the population of the United States Of America. To conclude, media plays a big important role in our society. Though it can cause annoyance for some people, it actually informs us about what it is going on through different mediums. We shouldn? t level the media because I can assure we all have been involved with it at least once in our life.

Biblical Foundations

Biblical Foundations Paper Many people animate a part in curriculum exploitation and design in worldly and non- profane school systems. This may include company, government, church, and family. Before developing a curriculum components ar considered where educational questions atomic number 18 asked and answered with a probable cause in order to set goals and objectives from standards to make up the curriculum. Educators in both secular and non-secular schools have to decide what guinea pig is meaningful and purposeful for students to learn. Christian philosophical system and worldviewLearning takes place through experience and individual study from both a teacher and a student. From a biblical prospective teaching and learn solely points to God as the Creator and Sustainer of all reality. If cookery with the purpose of applying biblical principles, educators should direct principles non only at the content universe taught but overly to the development of a biblical wo rldview of the students and the stylus they learn. In my opinion, God made all persons unusual in their take special way so that they gutter contribute their special gifts, talents, experiences, and insights passim family just as his son Jesus did.The bible makes it disentangle that God calls us to be a community in society which we all contribute our special gifts given to us (Van Brummelen, 2009). To teach way to take the lead in planning leave lessons catered to each tell scholarship styles covering all contents in lessons by producing a variety of ways to capture the attention of students. Educators whoremaster use the appropriate tools to apply principles to essential questions, objectives, key learning activities, and classroom management strategies to make up ones brainpower whether lesson and unit plans lead towards the purpose thats desire to achieve.Jesus captured the attention of more through his teachings because he taught like no other he was unique and reached people from their level of understanding through his teachings. A scripture that comes to mind is Proverbs 226 which countrys train up a child in the way he should go and when he is old, he testament not depart from it (KJV). When teachers train students through modeling and through educational principles they are able to effectively train a child to grow up with morals and values as well as how to be generative members of society, and how to respond correctly to the world that surrounds them.Personal belief about truth of society The Bible excuses that no one is perfect in this world, Romans 323 says, For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God Romans 310 states None is righteous, no, not one (KJV). Therefore, we all have flaws and should rub down on doing superb rather than evil teaching the way of being righteous and doing what is expected of us. Galatians 522-23 says, But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulne ss, gentleness, stubbornness against such(prenominal) things there is no law (KJV).Being effective means acute how to recognize problems that deals with situations from multiple perspectives. teachers shadower rely on their professional association and judgment to take action by knowing the consequences of solved problems whether good or bad. A good teacher sets the tone and lays the foundation for students to accompany with learning by implementing great strategies to encourage and promote self theatre of operations in a positive classroom environment. Roles of the teacher and learner Teachers play a very authoritative percentage in influencing and in increase students interests in an active-learning environment (Rotgans and Schmidt, 2011). Timothy 215 notes, study to designate thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed (KJV). An crucial part of the education process is to give students the tools needed to integrate what they learn, know, and inte nd in order to mature in a way that ordain remain with them for the rest of their lives. As a Christian teaching in a public school, I kitty most definitely explain what I teach differently from a Christian teacher collectable to my character principals I follow to guide me daily throughout life.I can teach students to question what they know, what they think they know, why they think they know it, and because begin to lead them to the truth about the lessons being taught. I can answer questions that might arrive based on my beliefs using legitimate thoughts derived from my opinion. With my teaching principles, as in Jesus ministry, there is a fuddled cogitate between standards, objectives and outcomes. I feel that students need to know what is important and not forget. As with me, following the example ofJesus by modeling and practicing what I believe not only communicates the content but also gives students the strategies, skills, and processes they will need to apply the tr uth about learning. Using assessments, reinforcement, and reviews that will link declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge will also modify students to retrieve and apply knowledge gained in real-life situations. We as educators must rally that we are working with the future that students possess and that we have the unique probability to have a major impact on the lives of students.Roles of the society, government, church, and family in the development of curriculum Politics watch curriculum design and development because it all starts with starts funding. Public and private educational institutions both rely on authorities for funding, hiring of personnel, building, and maintaining facilities, and equipment. Mainly all aspects of curriculum depend on local, state and theme political standards in which affects curriculum development. According to Ganly (2007), the federal government in the main influence the range of the curriculum found in the classrooms.The state provi des last materials and a guide for each subject area and grade level. The state also determines what students should be learning and provides a list of approved materials that can be used in the classroom. The state sets the standards on what students should be learning and melodic phrases committees holding public meetings where they listen to different interests and opinions on curriculum form members of the community. After suggestions are considered the state sets rules for student standards. The District provides materials for teaching such as state standards and pacing guides to the curriculum.The district also reviews material that can be used in the classroom and recommends specific materials that should be purchased. The community plays a very important mathematical function in influencing curriculum in a school. Different community groups such as religious, political, and varying associations influence a school by effecting what topics may be taught. The community is al so influential when deciding on things to implement and use because they are actively involved in district decisions about proposed materials. The community plays a role in extra curricula activities by hosting different clubs, teams, and events.Families of students also play a role in the curriculum through surveys that are established swelled feedback on how they feel the curriculum is helping with student learning. Parents opinion weigh due to their perception of education and the needs of the school system that helps in teaching learning principals of education. When parents are involved in their childrens education, both children and parents are likely to benefit (Brown, 2000). References Brown, P. C. (2000). Involving parents in the education of their children. Retrieved from http//www. idsource. com/kidsource/content2/Involving_parents. html Ganly, S. (2007). The key players in curriculum development in United States schools. Retrieved from http//voices. yahoo. com/the-key- players-curriculum-development-united-535636. html Rotgans, J. I. , & Schmidt, H. G. (2011). The role of teachers in facilitating situational interest in an active learning classroom. dogma and Teacher Education, 27, 37-42. Van Brummelen, Haro. (2009). Walking with God in the classroom Christian Approaches to Teaching and Learning 3rd Edition

Communication Theories Paper Essay

Communication theories argon primary(prenominal) to learn and see. Learning these theories helps us arrest got the scheme to our own life. It helps our critical thinking skills as well as benefits peerless to understand the value of research that has been accomplished in this field. arrest communication theories chamberpot help us make sense of our occasional life experiences. There ar tierce Communication theories that I make believe studied that excite touched on my in the flesh(predicate) and master life. These theories are Communication Privacy Management, Social Penetration Theory, and Organizational Culture Theory. unriv wholeed theory that reinforces the importance of communication is the hiding management theory. This theory has employ to my individual(prenominal) and professional life in many ways. There are three ex group Ales on how this has affected my occasional life. It has affected me in my affable net beting, at my job, and when utilize my person al mobile device. In the communication and privacy management theory it explains that disclosure in relationships requires managing private and state-supported boundaries (West, R. , & Turner, L. H. 2010). This theory tells us that people habit this to manage the relationship among permeateing and revealing their private info (West, R., & Turner, L. H. 2010). This theory has had an regard with my social net dressing. I use the popular networking cite called Facebook. On Facebook I attain to be really thoughtful on what nurture I reveal on my profile. I dont wishing mediocre anyone accrediting something that could violate me. On Facebook I have well-educated that if you are not careful with the pictures or instruction you reveal ab push through and through yourself it could hurt your job, your reputation, as well as relationships. I have eliminated this from happening to me by using the privacy management theory. I have chosen to set out up legitimate privacy s ettings on what people substructure and toiletnot substantiate on my profile.Protecting myself makes me expression much(prenominal) true(p) of what others gouge square up or k at one time to the highest degree me. I am a fair private person so there is not much to my Facebook. Having public and private boundaries makes me enjoy using this social networking site. I have apply this theory by only accepting close friends that I know really well on my Facebook. I likewise chose who shag tell my pictures and who stopt. There are many different privacy settings that treasure ones confidentiality. The second example of how this theory applies to my life is at my job. I work in a medical office. We have to be real careful of what randomness we depict out almost our patients.We have HIPPA that protects our patients private information. One of my main duties at my job is answering the bids. to each one phone call I take I have to be extra careful of what information I r eveal to the caller. If I was to give out information to someone that should not be receiving the information, I could suck terminated or worse even go to jail. It is crucial for me to issue forth this theory in my profession. In my profession I am also careful about what I tell my coworkers about my personal life. As a professional it is not unendingly life-threatening to tell your personal information to coworkers.You never know if they could use any of your private information against you. This is why I modify the information I give out to my coworkers. The terce example of how I use this theory in my daily life is when I use my personal mobile device. I use my cell phone every day. This theory applies to me when using my cell phone in many ways. Text messaging is something that my family and friends do throughout the day. This is a fast and convenient way to communicate with one another. In teachbook messaging one has to be careful of what they reveal to another because i t john be used against them.Once you text someone something it is always there. They croup save it and share it with others. It may be something that you do not postulate anyone else to see. I have to think about that in the first place I communicate a text to the other person. Out of all three of my examples using this theory in my daily life, I would say that my communication was sound in my showtime example in using Facebook. My private information is secure now because of the privacy setting offered to me on the site. This is effective for me because it protects me against anything that can be used against me in my profession or even relationships. winning that step helps me feel comfortable to have control over what others can or cannot see. Taking these steps has made me feel much secure on the information and communication I have with others. This effective communication that I do reveal shows to my friends what type of information I want to be revealed to them. In my second example I talk about giving out overly much information to your coworkers. I have learned from the past of what is appropriate to discuss with others at work. If I can continue to strive to do this, than my communication will be more effective. In the future Imight communicate differently in using my mobile device. I have had friends get in split up of trouble by saying too much through text messaging. Someone ended up using things the other person say through text against them. In knowing this, I have learned to communicate differently when I use my text messaging. I screen what I say so that I dont vent something to someone else that I will regret. The Social Penetration Theory explains why as relationships develop, communication moves from less intimate levels to more intimate, more personal levelsI can apply this theory to my professional as well as personal life.Three examples that I can give how this has been practical in my daily life are through my relationships, work, and my primary care giver. In a particular relationship I was in, we started off as good friends. I did not reveal my most private personal information to him in the beginning. I waited until time went on. When we were in a committed relationship, I eventually little by little shared with him more information about myself. This theory allows one to be more honest with one another. In some cases it helps one be more careful in the relationship because you learn what the others sensitivities are.In my workplace overtime I have been aware of who to share certain information with and who I should not. At work I try to speak of only work and stay very professional. There is one particular coworker that I know I can trust. I do share a little bit more with this person. This is someone that I have learned overtime I can confide in. Lastly my primary doctor is someone that at first I matte awkward talking to or wanting questions to. overtime we have formed a personal relationship. I am now comfortable with talking to her about my health.I also dont feel strange take ining her questions that can sometimes be disquieting around just anyone. In my first example I feel the communication was effective overtime by building on a strong, trusting relationship. It made me more comfortable to share more about myself with him. In my second example I could be more effective by even with my close coworker to try and not talk too much about work if we go out to lunch. On my get example I could communicate differently with my provider by writing down my questions that I have for her. This would also help if I felt like I was going to forget something that I use uped to ask her.There are always ways we can improve on this theory. These are just some examples on how I use this theory in my daily life. Organizational Culture Theory explains meanings for routine organisational events, thereby reducing the amount of cognitive processing and energy members need to expend t hroughout the day (West, R. , & Turner, L. H. 2010). There are three examples I can think of that can apply to my personal as well as professional life with this theory. They are through my work, through my church, and though school. An example of not having this was my last supervisor.She hardly was ever in the office. We never had monthly meetings like we do now with our current supervisor. We never expanded like she wanted because of lack of this theory. We now have monthly meetings with our new supervisor as well as have rules and regulations we have to pursue. We have a certain dress code we have to acquit by each day. We also come together on certain holidays and have a tradition where everyone one brings their favorite food dish. Having all of these routine organizational events has helped us expand as a more successful organization.My second example of how this theory has applied to my personal and professional life is through my church. We have certain customs and symb ols that we use at church that we use on each Sunday. We have a routine service. For example when we first arrive, we start singing then have announcements, followed by the sermon. At the end we all sing again, and pray. This is something that our congregation is used to each Sunday. We also, have a certain time our service starts and ends each Sunday. The third way this theory applies in my life is through school.At University of phoenix we have certain rules and regulations we have to follow. For example, we have attendance policies we have to continue by. We also have certain dates that our assignments are due. If we do not follow this, there will be consequences. If we didnt have organizational structure, we as students would not know what to do in order to be a successful student. There are certain questions I can ask myself to take a look deeper in my examples of this theory. Through my example of school this communication is effective to me because we have pretty much the s ame rules and standards to go by in each class.Having this structure makes each student understand how to become a successful student in their current class. In my example of church I feel like there is always ways to be more effective. The church could send out bulletins before each Sunday. This would help update the congregation on what the next pith will be about. In my example of work to have get around communication in the future, my old supervisor could have done this by having monthly meetings. Having monthly meetings addresses questions and concerns that other employees have for the office manager. This way she can better the organization.In conclusion I can see how important communication theories are to my personal and professional life. Now knowing these theories I will be more aware of how much these are a part of my daily life. References West, R. , & Turner, L. H. (2010). Introducing Communication Theory Analysis and act (4th ed. ) Boston, MA McGraw-Hill Retrieve d from https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/eReader. aspx? assetMetaId=299dcc53-f1c8-4924-a9b0-b8ff6d645a5f&assetDataId=0cdf2509-a90a-4f76-a84b-7cb7098cc897&assetpdfdataid=076561d1-57c7-472c-9712-6f5644b9ebd7

Be able to prepare to provide support for eating and drinking Essay

I should al flairs check the soulfulnesss c are plan to establish the level of take hold required by the individual when feeding and drinking. I should excessively ask colleagues, the individuals family, friends and the individual if they would kindred help and how they would like me to help. I must ensure Im not dominating a level of support which suits me or my organisation rather than the individual. I should provide the minimum of support possible in order for the task to be accomplished regardless of how enormous this will take or the mess the individual whitethorn make.I may call for to support individuals to prepare for meal time with things such as protective clothing. I should check if they take on support with positioning to ensure they are soothing whilst eating and drinking. It may be that the individual is open to feed themselves, if provided with the crystalise equipment to do so. By providing the individual with the correct equipment Im providing restless support and ensuring that Im supporting them in a way that helps the individual maintain their independence in that location is specially adapted tender available for individuals who may have arthritic fingers, where they are not able to entrap conventional cutlery.An individual ache with dementia may need to be prompted to eat at regular intervals. The individual may be sight impaired making it difficult to eat independently. An individual suffering with dysphagia and have difficulty sw stick outing. They would require their nutrition to be pureed or may need to be fed via P. E. G. tube. Some individuals may need to be fed if they do not have the employ of their hands.There are many different levels and types of support depending on the individuals circumstances. Demonstrate effective hand-washing and part of protective clothing when handling food and drink Support the individual to prepare to eat and drink, in a way that meets their personal take and preferences The indiv idual may require protective coverings such as an proscenium wall to protect their clothing from stains from dropped food or drink and napkins to wipe themselves if necessary. I should provide individuals with the opportunity to use the toilet and wash their hands prior(prenominal) to their meal. An important aid to eating is an individuals dentures.They should be available and also well fitting. They may have religious activities they wish to backpack out prior to their meal such as praying, washing themselves or giving thanks. Provide suitable utensils to assist the individual to eat and drink. mediocre cutlery can be too heavy to hold or too difficult to grip for some individuals and particularly those with arthritic hands. There is a wide range of specialist cutlery available to allow individuals to remain as independent as possible and manage eating and drinking with minimal assistance.Some of which is listed below Types of utensil Purpose angle cutlery For some concourse who finds it difficult to bring a private parts or spoon at right angles to the mouth Easy grip handled spoon and fork For an individual who finds it difficult to grip cutlery. Plate hold If an individual is likely to shuffle food off the plate, the plate nurse would stop food from escaping Melamine cups, plates and bowls, two handled drinking cups with a conciliatory plastic straw To avoid breakages if an individual is prone to dropping things.For people with hand tremors Cups with a spout Very efficient if I need to avoid spillages Special plates with hot water compartment at the base cater cup Non slip tray with handle Gadget to remove lids from jars/bottles To keep food warm while individuals eat their food, useful if they normally take long to eat. This will reduce the rate at which the food gets cold. Avoids spills liquid at the bottom is drank first so ensure no tea leaves. For those with use of only one arm, to carry several items at once aid individuals with weak han ds.

Introduction to Ice cream business Essay

l s pickax for Ice thresh is a familiar expression widely known and used throughout all in all ages professing their undeniably strong love for chicken feed cream. Who doesnt love ice cream? Kids, being kids, love impudent treats from cakes, chocolates, brownies but most general among all is ice cream. The cold and smart combination of this treat makes all child tantrums go away. Adults as well see ice cream as a reward and sweet comfort food interpreted every once in a while to quench their sweet cravings.As our generation today becomes more health conscious, ice cream has been one of he hot picks for criticisms due to its high calorie and colewort contents. This poses so many issues for adults, especially those who belong to the diabetic group. And as these issues go through started to arise, ice cream tunees have strived to fit and suit the needs of the customers on with their sweet wants.Fat-free and sugar-free ice creams and yogurts have been in the trend to add th e sweet cravings without endangering the consumers health. Fit Cream is an Ice Cream business that caters to the health specifications of consumers. Adapting to the market that caters to the concerns of the customers with heir health, Fit cream wishes to provide pleasing and healthy ice cream in a very cheap price. This will help the self-conscious customers to enjoy their sweet cravings and at the akin time watch their health.Parents who are constantly trying to come up with inventive ways of persuading their children to eat vegetables probably have not tried disguising them in ice cream. Through this, the kids will be eating fitter and maybe starting these vegetable ice cream products as a stepping stone to taking the actual vegetable soon. The mix of healthy and sweet will surely attract the attention of people of all ages.

Physchological Effects of Alcholism

The Psychological Effects of Alcoholism There be numerous people who live a life that is painful and which they want to flight from. Due to this people go away often turn to alcohol and debauch the privilege. When people think of the cause of alcohol, they think about the physical resultants it has on the body. What is discussed less frequently, but in some cases equ all in ally damaging, is the effect alcohol takes on the question. Alcoholism will take you on a star way road to failure, which leads to losing a career, family, and most importantly ones self.Initially, alcohol will increase a persons confidence. At social gatherings, a person will initiate to a greater extent conversations, tell funny jokes and feel a sense of acceptance. Unfortunately this is all in their mind whats funny to them might really be rude and obnoxious to a sober person. An intoxicated person wont see how their acting because the alcohol triggers the short release of dopamine. Consequently, the head word will rely on the alcohol to release dopamine for feelings of amusement and happiness. After continued use of alcohol a person will more often make poor judgment.During their impaired state nether the influence, they are likely to lie to people they care about, steal or engage in other destructive mental behavior. While intoxicated, your mind will trick you into believing that your actions are not that bad, leading to a carefree attitude. As a result, a person will progress to to pay the consequences in jail, the hospital or in a grave. another(prenominal) downside of an alcoholic is the increased aggression. Violent, aggressive behavior is common among male and some times females. The loss of inhibitions, along with the destruction of brain cells caused by drinking whoremonger create abusive behavior in alcoholics.As a result, matrimony abuse and street fighting are often triggered. There are more shelters opening up for women who are victims of spousal abuse. Often ti mes the abuser will only strike their loved one when intoxicated. well-nigh importantly, alcoholism affects your family and loved ones the alcoholic is not the only one that gets emotionally scared. An alcoholic doesnt realize the hurtful words they say, stay in the minds of their children and family. A childs mind absorbs every detail and suppuration up in a verbally abusive environment stinker stunt their development. They have a good chance of growing up with learning and anger management issues.

Quiz: John Keats and Small Business Owners

Dashes Quiz (90%) 1. Hinduismthis is the major pietism of Indiadeveloped over a period of many centuries. (B) 2. Ferrets can be delightful petswhen they want to be. (B) 3. You have two choices, he was told to fight and give away or to live the life of a coward. (C) 4. Mayonnaise contains three things crank yolks, vegetable oil, and vinegar. (A) 5. There were only two men who could match his strong suit and skillHercules and Achilles. (A) 6. Dont forget these ingredients in the wedding cakeone shape of patience, a spoonful of consideration, and a dash of forgiveness. A) 7. The baseb whole strike has caused all of usespecially the die-hard fansto re-examine our priorities. (C) 8. From seashells, the natives made beautiful necklaces, bracelets, and earrings veritable(a) entire lines of jewelry. (B) 9. Joses resume was impressivehe started work as a cashier in a computer store, advanced to man seasonr, and eventually became a consultant for IBM. (C) 10. The Springfield orchestra ough t to win the competitiontheir violin section is the better in the state. (C) 11. Ramona didnt k directhow could she? -that Alexis was already at the party. (B) 12. seizing for an explanation, Sergei only managed to say, Im really sorry, but. (B) 13. Two long time after being told by her boss that she did non have what it takes, Sonia had experience a stockbrokerand a millionaire. (A) 14. City politiciansif not all politiciansshould spend more time talking with small business owners. (C) 15. Many musicians who play the hautbois also playthe English horn and oboe damoredouble-reed instruments whose ranges be slightly lower. (A) 16.The dangers of the diseaseits resistance to penicillin, its ability to avoid detection, and its transmissibilityshould not be underestimated. (B) 17. The piano is an easy instrument to playbut a arduous one to play well. (C) 18. The computer has launched entire corporationseven empiressince its inception in the earlier part of the twentieth century. (B) 19. The hardships Ludwig van Beethoven had to overcome were capaciousseveral handicapped brothers and sisters, an abusive father, and the loss of his reading at age twenty-nine. B) 20. Star Trek, The Twilight Zone, and The Outer Limitshe used to watch these shows into the early morning hours. (C) Quotation Marks (95%) 1. Show me your friends, my grandfather used to say, and Ill class you what I think of you. (B) 2. On the first day of my Romantic poetry class, the teacher stunned us by announcing, I will now recite the or so beautiful poem in the English language, Ode on a Grecian Urn, by the English Romantic poet John Keats. (B) 3.In her retrospect of the film Mississippi Burning, Pauline Kael wrote, Alan Parker likes to operate in a wildly dramatic universe of his own creation. (C) 4. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary is the first line of Poes poem The Raven. (B) 5. One of the most noteworthy newspaper headlines is 38 Who Saw Murder Did nt Call the Police. (C) 6. On the topic of effort, P. D. James wrote, God gives every bird his worm, but He does not throw it into the nest. (C) 7. In his inaugural address, John F.Kennedy said, Ask not what your country can do for you ask what you can do for your country. (B) 8. Joan said, I could swear it was Mary Queen of Scots who proclaimed, In my end is my beginning. (A) 9. You may prefer the Beatles song Yesterday, but Let It Be is my favorite. (C) 10. In his babble out on dreams and mythology, Joseph Campbell wrote, Dream is the personalized myth, myth the depersonalized dream. (A) 11. There is no taking trout with dry breeches, said Miguel de Cervantes when defining effort. C) 12. You can hear the physicist Stephen Hawkings voice on the Pink Floyd song Keep Talking, said Rebecca. (B) 13. For your essay on Meso-American cultures, satisfy consider the article City of the Gods. (C) 14. George said, I was so shocked to hear Mrs. Edwards say, Lets tango beneath the moo nlight that I stepped on my prom dates foot. (A) 15. My friend gobbler Jansen nervously read the newspaper headline, Floods Force Dutch to Flee as Battered Dikes Begin to Fail. (C) 16.My English teacher said, Yogi Berra was grammatically incorrect when he said, It aint over til its over, but he surely was right. (A) 17. Perhaps the most famous of all Star Trek episodes is The City on the Edge of Forever, which star Joan Collins as a visionary social worker. (B) 18. Dan Quayle Was Right, by Barbara Dafoe Whitehead, appeared in the magazine The Atlantic Monthly in 1993. (C) 19. The words discrete and discreet are homonyms they sound the same but have different meanings. (A) 20. to the highest degree Americans dont

Plot summary of The Old Man And The Sea Essay

The plot summary of the grey-haired musical composition of the sea The nonagenarian Man and The Sea is the story of an epic that makes a rattling striking effort amongst an old, who has a lot of experience of a finical activity and he is the epitome of a modern hu macrocosm life, it was happened in a sm each(prenominal) seek village near Havana, Cuba, The waters of the disconnection of Mexico, in the 1940,s in the twentieth century. The writers of modern age focused on cosmos as well as psyche of man sort of than society, so that Ernest Hemingway wants to write the old man and the sea ,which was the old(capital of Chile) suffered from alienation, that al unity all the time, it was genius of the features of modern age. (Miller, 2002 3).In 1930,s and during the second world war Ernest Hemingway was lived in Cuba, and because he was love hunting and searching and in the age of childishness he leaned and hunted with his beginner, so that he began to write the old man an d the sea in the last historic period of his life and published in the 1952 as a single issue of human life in modern age. (Miller, 20055).Note In that secondary village, the villagers must work, which work it is fishing to get coin so as to sustain in life, so that each members in the village go to sea with his boat or skiff in the early morning for fishing, and capital of Chile, old Cuban pekan was one of them, entirely alone. As (Ernest Hemingway tell). He had a trail which was a picayune building make of woods, in it a bed, a t competent, one chair, a picture in colour of Sacred heart of Jesus and otherwise of Virgin of Cobre of his wife on the shelf in the corner nether his shirt. He had a small boat and gone eighty-quartette old age without took a fish. The male child named Manolin, that the old man took him when he was five years old and the son loved him too much and loyalty for him, when the boy saw him without taking a fish in the source twoscore daylights while he took three fish in the first week. It made the boy, unlucky to see the old man each day went and came, went and came with his skiff empty and without fish, because the boy came to help him such as spiral lines or the pole, harpoon, brought coffee, sometimes with some food from Martin or Perico, and newspapers that talked closely baseball, indeed it would been the discussion betwixt capital of Chile and Manolin, that Santiago had a huge  esteem for the Great DiMaggio, he was capital in baseball player, and whose father was fisherman. The boy left him because his parents forced him to do, and go to a nonher boat. The parents of the boy with the villagers called Santiago salau or unlucky and laughed at him, but Santiago said toward Manolin I knew you did not leave me because you doubted, then the boy said no it was true because my father made me left, so I must obey him, finally the boy left him and Santiago goes to sleep, in his sleep he dreamt lions that played on the white beach of Africa, this was a sense when he was a very young man. The next morning onward sunrise Santiago went to Manolins house to wake Manolin so as to carry Santiagos gear to his boat and drinking coffee, on the beach wished each other good luck. (Miller, 1988 3-20).This time that started with the new day Santiago decided to go far out from others fisherman in the sea, he rowed steadily off from shore toward the deep waters of Gulf Stream. The first he hear the leaps of the flying fish then he saw flying fish pursued by dolphins a diving, circled seabird, he considered to be his friend, and he followed further and farther out the seabird that was hunting for fish. One of the old mans lines goes taut, and then the old man said out laud, would made a lovely piece of bait. Big fish pulled the boat all(prenominal) day farthest from shore until lost lights of his village. He cant increase the tension on the line, because if it was too tauted it will be dissolve and the fi sh will get away. It was a kind of struggle bulky fish (Marlin), and Santiago, that Marlin wants to get free and the old man wants to get his aim, goal, and appetite that stands for life. Because he could not took big fish in to his boat and said a loud I wished I had the boy, but nothing, then he said to himself you have to work better, it was a kind of encourage himself, and he was optimistic all the time although he was alone, and cant snap a fish, so as to helped himself he said toward Marlin I loved you and I respect you but I will killed you dead before sunset, after that a small tired bird named (Warble) came from north toward the old mans boat, perched on the taut fishing line that colligate the old man to the big fish, the old man told the bird to stayed and rest here to live and to sustain like other any man or birds, he said you were tired and loneliness as me. He didnt mentioned the Hawks that waited for little bird, suddenly the Marlin surged, and the bird left him without any reaction, Santiago didnt aware of the bird because his hand was bled, while marlin was quiet, the old man took the line with his back and ate the tuna that he caught day before, then turned to his imaginary mind to baseball, the great DiMaggio, and he wondered if DiMaggio would stayed with the marlin. The marlin woke and jumped out of water again and again and began to circle around the boat for seconds and the line interpreted by Santiagos hand that fought with the circling fish, after hat he pulled the fish on to it was side by the boat and plunged his harpoon in to it. (Miller Asiaing.com, 10-37).Note now he was happy, comfort and without any harm or pain because he got or completed his great aim, desire with the ancestral of big fish.Here the long strength struggle finished between The overage Man, and the Marlin with the fish lurched out of the water and dead, he pulled the boat toward the fish fastened the fish to the side of the boat. He thought how much mo ney he could make from such a big fish, and he imagined that DiMaggio would be proud of him. The old man found himself wondered, luck, happy, and got his aim, goal, and he rowed toward his village with the great won in his life, but his happiness long less which an hour later amako shark arrived having smelled the marlins blood, the second fight and struggle began with sharks that treasured to eat the marlins flesh, he was able to killed a number of sharks with his injure and weapon, but he lost his knife and things in the process. He was tribulation after all and when he got back to the shore of his village in that respect was nothing left but the head, the Skelton, and tail of the marlin. He beached his boat and went to his small building slept and dreamed the lions and turtles. The next morning, Manolin came to the old mans shack with brought a coffee and despite the old mans terrible luck he decided to go fishing with him again. The entire fisherman had gathered around the Santiagos boat and measured the Skelton at eighteen feet. Hemingway employed a number of images that link Santiago to Christ, the example of transcendence, who turned loss in to gain, defeat in to triumph, and even final stage in to new life, and as a representative character for everyone in the society. (Miller, 200226-31).Major Characters in the old man and the sea*Just we had two major characters,1-Santiago, (The Old Man).2-Manolin, (The Boy).-Santiago The old man of the novellas title. He was a Cuban fisherman, suffered terribly throughout The Old man and The Sea, he had went eighty-four days without caught a fish, and became laughingstock of his village, but he was able to patient. (Miller, 2002 5).-Manolin was present only in the beginning and in the end of The Old Man and the Sea, but his presence was important, because Manolins love and loyalty for Santiago highlighted the Santiagos valued as a person and as a fisherman. (Miller, 20056).Minor Characters in the old man and the seaWe had four minor characters in the old man and the sea.1-Marlin, (Big fish).2-Joe DiMaggio.3-Martin.4-Perico.*Marlin It was a big fish, which was the superior aim and goal of Santiago. The struggle more than three days between Santiago and Marlin, it was the trying by Santiago to catch Marlin, he had took marlin, but it was destroyed by sharks later.(Miller, 20025).*Joe DiMaggio although he never appeared in the story. He was one of American most famous baseball players Santiago worshiped him as a model of strengthen and young. (Miller, 1988 55-56). Note he always*Martin Martin a caf proprietor in Santiagos village, didnt appeared in the story. Manolin often went to martin for Santiagos supper and others. (Miller, 198812).*Perico perico was the owner of the bodega in the Santiagos village. He didnt appear in the novella the old man and the sea, but he served an important role in the fishermans life about the scored of the baseballs newspaper. (Miller, 2002 6).

Advantahes and Disadvantages of Public Transport

Advantages and disadvantages of prevalent transport This is a website informing towards young mass around advantages and disadvantages of semi commonplace transport. Many of us are in these years riding habit our own fomites to get to our destination and utilizing it as our daily use, whereas numbers of worldly concern transport are reducing since many peck are passing their driving test and buying their own machines. This is booster cable to pollution in the Earth hence I will be mentioning some advantages and disadvantages of public transport. Firstly, I will be talking ab go forth the disadvantages of it.Disadvantages Delay Public Transport prepares some passengers to wait at the place or at the jalopy check-out procedure, which really wastes a psyches valuable time. It may besides lead some wizard losing their job. If theres tough weather i. e. snow, rain etc, whence a mortal slewt get any heating system in the mountain stop nor asshole he get it in the tra in station. This quarter be an new(prenominal) reason for falling into a serious unwellness of someone. In this case any children or any other bragging(a) person will lose out on something which is really essential. recourse/SecurityOne of the disadvantages of public transport is that they do not check a persons bag or properties if theres any solemn property, like the way it gets take for grantede in the airport. in that respectfore, public transport gives ein truthone the prospect to ride in it safely. Therefore, there could be any terrorist attack or hustling if someone uses the public transport, due to that number of people die this includes children as well. Many people return to their destination and they end up losing their property. This patch everyone faces, especially when theres people are packed privileged the bus or train.Comfort/Hygiene/Cleanliness Public transport doesnt wee anyone feel comfortable nor does it make anyone feel hygienic. This causes because of those people who smokes, stays dark and like to vandalise those items due to these it put up a bad image on public transport. Not everyone abide by these rules and it makes other people influenced when they view a person doing those bad actions. Only one or two of us decide to take action upon it, whereas the others dont really care since they are riding it only for temp time.Its more likely for a person to get mischievously ill, because of the condition of a bus, train and trams etc. Most of the time you see the bus or the train is littered with rubbish, alcohol bottles which is not very nice to see. Privacy In public transport there isnt privacy to occupy yourself in reading books, sleeping, doing your work etc. There are a circumstancess of time you can get keep an eye on someone who is really irritating. Unlike if you have your own car then you can get whoever you want and reject the unwanted passenger. Nevertheless, when using public transport so many people huddle ar ound and nominate to steal ones property.This makes it really uncomfortable for the one to use the public transport, due to the lack of privacy. Whereas, in your own car there are no crowds or nothing which will irritate you, but instead you can occupy yourself in some of your own activities. Embarkation Point Additionally, if a person desires to use public transport then he has to go to a specific embarkation point. An embarkation point is where the buses, trains etc leave from. This could be a great hassle for a person who has a lot of luggage to carry, and it might also make someone miss their bus or train.This can cause a lot of problem for a persons study or work. The vehicle wont start whenever you want it there are specific timetable for their departures. Sometimes the vehicle stops at a different embarkation point or at the wrong embarkation point due to some highway works. This is the main cause of people who are losing out in their works. Advantages refuge Public trans port tries as much as possible to provide their best services for the public. They have provided safety and security for the passengers, by move CCTV cameras, fire alarms, fire extinguishers etc. ost of the time crime takes place and it causes the public to avoid using it. Unlike ones own car there is no safety, and a driver would only keep some spare tyres and tools only for his car. Time saving Public transport allows you to be punctual by knowing its specific timetable. This can cause you to be on time for catching up on your essential involve. There are other transports which dont have to stop themselves in the traffic due to them having some specific routes e. g. train, trams. This makes it really effective, as well as time saving. They run at the speed of 150m/h.In the equivalent way the buses have some specific routes to run on. Unlike, if a person owns his own car then he has to wait for the traffic, and it can cause a lot of problem. Conclusion In conclusion, I think th at public transport is really ideal for the whole of the public. By looking at its advantages, it shows the how can a person can attain benefit out of it. Therefore, I recommend that all public should start to use public transports as it can bring a lot of benefits to us and the Earth. It also reduces the amount of pollution the Earth is facing.

Music Teacher

Reflective Essay 5 I value everything almost music. I rely that it promotes many good things, including creativity and cooperation, and it en resolutions and helps build friendship. I believe that there is one thing that it does that is most important, however. It helps to build assurance. boldness is a huge factor in a persons life, and it usually starts as a child. It helps them to make friends, and to feel good rough themselves. Involvement in music helps to start building self-confidence in children gradually and not forcefully.Most of the time, children dont nevertheless know that its happening I didnt realize it until I started college. Performing in front of an audience gives a person courage that they didnt even know that they possessed, and they can then go on to use this courage and confidence in other situations in their lives, thus creating a ameliorate life for them. euphony education is the best teacher of this self-confidence, and I believe that most children w ouldnt guard the same confidence if they didnt have a music class every week.This is a very loaded point that I would make as a school control panel member. I believe that self-confidence is a huge component of life, and that it should be taught or encouraged starting at a young age. Music definitely teaches this, along with other great things such as creativity, cooperation, and friendship, which is why children should have a music class at least once a week, starting in kindergarten. These values would influence my teaching in a couple ways.It would help me to prepare students for concerts, starting to build their confidence before they perform for an audience. I would as well as prepare them so that they wouldnt have to add the worry of forgetting their music to the fear of performing. I also get performance anxiety, so I understand how much readiness really helps aid a performance. Self-confidence is a huge piece of music of life, and it is partially taught through music performance.

Poverty in America: A Global Epidemic

A Global Epidemic Ben Sims Sociology 445 Contemporary tender Problems Professor Shannon Sellers August 2, 2014 Of all the social tasks that subsist within the States today, pauperization Is undoubtedly the close prevalent . The stigma of privation Is no longer solely the plight of third world countries, but quite an epidemic that has vigorously manifested itself in the united States at an alarming rate. Yes, in America, the country teeming with an abundance of natural resources and the patents to the near pioneering technological advances f modern time, Indisputably faces an unprecedented burden of scantiness.It is estimated that to a greater extent than 46 million Americans bonk in p everywherety in the US (Tighten 157). American families argon increasingly finding themselves struggling to make ends meet, and with the continuing rate of un calling and the rapid increases to the cost of living more and more families are left to choose betwixt the very elemental necessiti es of deportment such as food, shelter and healthcare. want has alike had a profound impact on education and crime, predominantly in inner-city communities where the wealth inequality is most apparent.With all the carnage caused by leanness being distinctly obvious In America wherefore Is nothing being done about It? Does anyone care? Sadly, the most gross aspect of the epidemic of pauperization in America is that it doesnt have to exist at all. The US at long last has the resources and means to eliminate privation altogether, if solely it was placed as a high enough priority. To truly incubate the profound impact that poverty has had on America, there must set-back be an understanding of what poverty basically means and how It was caused.Webster dictionary describes poverty as the state of one who lacks a usual 1 by Dictionary). The textbook however, offers a more in-depth perspective on the term stating that poverty is a standard of living below the borderline nee ded for the alimentation of adequate diet, health and shelter (Tighten 181). This definition implies that the poverty threshold is ground on those who can make the nominal amount of money undeni fit to maintain a decent train of life and those who cannot. Although these particular descriptions of poverty are not necessarily wrong, they are also not however if accurate.When most citizenry think of poverty the assumption may be that the core percentage of those actually living in poverty are the homeless or unemployed, but relative to popular belief most of the community living in poverty actually work. They are classified as the working curt. According to US Census data over 2. 6 million full-time workers lived below the poverty line in 2010 (Tighten 161). How is this possible? First and foremost, the national minimum wage requirement in the join States is $7. 25. So for an employee who works 40 hours a calendar week their chalk up monthly salary would be $1 , 165. 0 before taxes. presently lets analyze how much it would cost for an average American holding a minimum wage salary to pay for the 3 most Asia necessities in life food, shelter and health care. The average percentage that Americans pay in housing costs is approximately 28 to 35 percent of their take home pay (Curmudgeon, 2010). 28 percent of $1,160. 00 is $324. 80. According too 2010 survey conducted by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics Americans spend approximately $1 51. 00 a week on food, equaling a whopping $604. 00 a month (Mended, 2012).If we conduce the average monthly cost of healthcare under Beams Afford able superintend Act, which is $328. 00 (Persuade, 2014), the total monthly expenses for Just the basic necessities alone is a astounding $1 ,256. 0. The basic necessities alone total more than the average worker, earning minimum wage, in America makes in a month and that bet hush doesnt account for utility bills, transportation and other miscellaneous expenses. Not to follow the addition of a spouse or children. It is important to understand that poverty is a very complex social dilemma, with a variety of indefensible stereotypes that persist about its causes.One of the most common misconceptions about poverty is that the poor inherently cause their own poverty, alluding to the poor having a lack of movement and ambition necessary to change heir fiscal status. This perception is much referred to as the person-blame approach . This means that social problems such as poverty are the result of the pathologies of individuals (Tighten 163). Although this notion is credible, in this particular instance, it is slightly off kilter due to that fact that even though 2. Million people go to work and log over 40 hours a week they still wont surpass the threshold of even half of the nations median salary. And in that lies the problem. The issue is not whether members of society are go forthing to work, because not besides are a majority f the poor w illing and able to work hard, they do so when given the opportunity. The real root of the problem is the minimum wage requirement in the US and the lack of find to adequate education and training necessary to acquire better-paying pipelines.The system-blame approach is more fitting in this instance because there is no shortage of people willing to work but rather a shortage in the amount that is being paid out for said work. There is also no shortage in people willing to procure and lend oneself the sufficient training and education needed to attain better employment but underprivileged. Although the government has in fact tried to implement programs to crystalise the problem of poverty in America, more of these programs contained crucial flaws and in many cases made the predicament worse. Welfare is the most notable of these programs.Welfare was conventional to advocate underprivileged families and individuals get out of poverty (Tighten 165), but have ultimately led to a dist urbing rate of dependency. Instead of answering families welfare had essentially enabled them in many ways, with a vast majority of recipients not speck the need to work. Provisions thin the program even made it easier to period on welfare than to seek employment and encouraged unmarried charwoman to have children. Thus, the enactment of the Welfare Reform Act of 1996. This bill was established to take the number of families and individuals dependent on government processance.These institutional changes helped to reduce welfare dependency by mandating that recipients actively seek work bit receiving government abetance, increasing the level of accountability for those in need of financial aid. The government also developed several other programs in an effort to curve poverty such as the Temporary Assistance to devoid Families program (TANK) which adds financial assistance to low-income families but also requires them to work at least 20 hours a week to receive benefits (Sa ddler, 2012).Addition services such as Medicaid, Food Stamps and WICK were all established to essentially assist low-income families achieve financial stability while progressively becoming self-reliant of all government aid. Although these programs and institutional amendments have been extremely valuable in assisting the poor and underprivileged maintain a sustainable level of life, unluckily they havent been enough to end or even cut the poverty level in Alfa.These programs have ultimately helped sustain the global threshold of poverty in many ways by serving to only assist low-income families get through financial difficulties alternatively of helping them get out. The only way for members of the underprivileged society to rise above poverty is to provide the means to earn more than the nations median income. This goes back to the need for programs that assist individuals in acquiring the knowledge and training necessary to acquire high paying Jobs and also for the government to raise the minimum wage requirement.Perhaps the most compelling explanation for the persistence of poverty is the remarry of private derive. The basic principle of capitalism is who gets what is determined solely by private profit rather than collective need (Tighten 173). By private corporations emphasizing the scheme of maximizing profits they ultimately end up endorsing poverty. This is done by companies paying their workers the minimum amount possible including benefits and pocketing the wealth that was created by laborers and distributing it among the owners instead of the working class.Primacy of profit also endorses poverty by employing a drove of uneducated and desperate laborers who are eager to work for low wages. many a(prenominal) of these laborers are illegal immigrants and dont view having benefits as a necessity. This in make for makes it extremely profitable for owners of businesses and large corporations to hire these workers because of the amount of money that they will be able to save while still being able to employ laborers full time.Poverty is supported and maintained through my belief that the US government has made attempts to curve the impact of poverty, I believe that the United States has the power to end poverty all together. This can be polished by making poverty a top priority. The United States spends roughly 712. Billion dollars of our nations defense each year (Tighten 177). A percentage of that figure can be deducted and contributed to combat poverty without Jeopardizing our nations defense at all.This otiose money could be used to provide adequate schooling and bloodline programs that promote academic advancement in inner-city communities. Those funds could also be used to provide training seminars for individuals with limited education who seek high paying Jobs and wish to be more competitive candidates in todays Job market. Most importantly however, those funds could be used to raise the federal minimum wage re quirement to a level that allows ore people to earn above or at least earn wages comparable to(predicate) to the nations median salary.

Communication Strategies Essay

Communication is angiotensin converting enzyme of the most common tools of interaction among people. Communication has been around the stone ages or you deal say from the genuinely being of time, so that the people can convey ideas to each new(prenominal) there has always been felt the need for intercourse. As we know that adult male is a social animal, he or she can only expire in such an environment where they can interact, socialize and communicate among one another that argon pre displace around them. Man has a inwrought extinct of weeing groups and tribes.In order to address to the various troubles and issues that occur or be confront by people, they have a need to head across to other people a message so that they would every last(predicate)eviate him or her, therefore confabulation became a necessity. Inter ethnic Communication Intercultural confabulation is a deal of sending and receiving messages between people, whose cultural background leads them to f ill in, interpret vocal and non oral signs differently (Salwen & Stacks, 2008).There ar two trends that contribute to the rapidly increase in the importance of intercultural communication in the workplace. These trends atomic number 18 the global marketplace and the multicultural workforce. Diversity plays a major single-valued function in the multicultural workforce of a caller. Having a diverse flori enculturation in an organization is considered to be a beneficial process that lead overhaul in an employees growth while it also increases the cultural sensitivity as well as the skills of the concern, it is considered to be a 2 way process.Such a cultural diversity is one of the trends that are contributing to the importance of intercultural communication deep down the organization. Diversity awareness helps the employees nab to communicate with other employees from other cultural context. Increasing diversity within organization way that the management of the org anization needs to develop programs that deal with global and as well as domestic diversity and with capableness conflicts the likes of dustup barriers or cultural differences (Salwen & Stacks, 2008). ExampleHew permitt Packard (HP) brought its US engineers together with its French engineers, so that they would develop and design software together. And this ca calld a cultural difference and that difference broke down the communication. What seeed is that the US engineers sent long and detailed emails to the Japanese engineers, but the engineers in Japan byword the detailed messages as patronizing and they replied those detailed emails with short and quick messages. The engineers in US, when saw those messages believed that their counterparts in Japan were withholding important information from them.This square communication process was non verbal and due to misunderstanding from virtually(prenominal) sides this building block process of communication got out of control . The end result of this situation was that the management of Hewlett Packard (HP) had to hire a team of consultants, so that they would train their engineers on some(prenominal) sides to deal with their differences. The communication device that was utilize by some(prenominal) the parties was online mailing, which is verbal way of communicating.If we take the internet in a verbal form of communication forum, we are able to open up a domain of a function so vast that the amount of knowledge is limitless it provides a stead for whatever(prenominal) language, any culture or any religion without a bias of opinions. Anyone with the ability to use a computer can use of this tool and can get connected to the world without a hitch. If we chance upon that emailing and the internet were not a good of communicating between both the parties, instead it created a large deal of misunderstanding between both the parties (Daft, 1997). hea and soish Differences The biggest issue that is b eing faced by most companies is that great deals of employees do not understand the cultural differences of each other, and this causes a equipment failure in communication. In this example we see that the Japanese culture differs from the American culture. In the American conclusion communication plays an important role, lets consider the US expression that the squeaky wheel gets the oil it delegacy that the loudest person provide get the most attention and in the US attention is assumed is considered favorable.The American culture comes under a pocket-sized context culture. A low context culture can be defined as a culture in which communication is used as a form of exchanging information and facts about work. Now lets consider a Japanese expression the nail that raise up up gets hammered down it means that standing out as an individual in the Japanese culture merits unfavorable attention. Japan belongs in the high context culture, which can be defined as a culture which use s communication to enhance and increase personal relationships during the working hours as well.In the American Culture in an organization is by and large ground on face-to-face confrontation and competition as ways to go individuals to work in an impelling and efficient manner, for example, In the American culture of the management the employees are given empowerment that is empowerment of the employees at all the levels of the hierarchy is an important means of coping with challenges and problems that are being faced by the human resource department of the bon ton.For example companies like Hewlett-Packard, Wal-Mart and sou-west Airlines sustain top performance through and through their people. The management of these companies pays attention to their employees and empowers them to received degrees which in return makes their employees satisfied with their jobs and remain motivated. (Daft, 1997) Whereas in the Japanese Culture in an organization is more often than not found on group union to efficiently and effectively, for example, in the Japanese management culture the political machineeer development in a Japanese caller-out is very predictable and automatic.The promotions and the increments happen as the employees spend more and more time with the company. Compensation for the employees is mostly based of tangible and intangible benefits for example, low cost loans for housing and car expanses, low paid vacations for the employees and semi-annual bonuses with pays. This is the way how employees are motivated in the company to retain them and so that they work in an effective and efficient manner. other thing in the Japanese management culture is that the management is based on permanent employment and when the new recruits that are hired are placed under a probation period of 6 month at least and if they survive then the employees are given permanent jobs, which means that the employees willing not be dismissed or terminated in the future wi thout any reason, they will remain inevitably with the company until they do not retire. (Fullmer, 1983) Intercultural Communication Theories The intercultural communication theory that is needed for to solve the problem within the company would be heathen Convergence.Cultural Convergence Cultural convergence is a theory which is based on effective outcomes. Cultural convergence is very closely related to a social system, where communication is considered very important and it is unrestricted between the members, eventually the system will converge over time towards a uniformity of a great cultural. The communication system will mostly tilt towards diversity when communication is restricted. Cultural Convergence will help the company to recognizing the cultural differences and will also be able to overcome ethnocentrism (Salwen & Stacks, 2008).Recognizing the Cultural Differences Problems like these arise when individuals assume, wrongly, that the other persons attitudes, value s, knowledge and beliefs. The management can improve intercultural sensitivity by recognizing and accommodating four main types of cultural differences. They are 1) contextual difference it is one of the ways where individuals assign heart and soul to a message in accordance to cultural context, message stimuli and unexpressed understanding,2) legal and honourable differences cultural context also influences legal and ethical behavior of the employees. For example, low context cultures like Americans, value written oral communication more than oral communication. They believe that word agreements are binding. When a company is conducting its business oversea and across cultures, the management has to keep it messages ethical by applying 4 principles seek mutual ground actively, send and receive messages without any sort of judgment, send those messages which are honest and lastly show some respect for cultural differences.3) Social differences social behavior is another dist inguishing agent among all of the cultures. In any culture rules of social etiquette may be formal or informal. And in deterrent example if formal rules are profaned for any reason, the members of the culture will be able to explain wherefore they are upset about it and if informal rules of any culture are violated for any reason, the people of that culture will feel disquieting and will not be able to tell the person who violated those rules why. Social differences will include use of manners, roles and status, attitudes towards materialism and attitude towards time.4) Non-verbal differences nonverbal communication is more reliable than verbal communication but only in the same culture because nonverbal communication is perceived differently in different cultures. Nonverbal communication would include personal place and use of body language (Fullmer, 1983). Overcome ethnocentrism when the management is communicating overseas and across cultures, open mindedness is cons ider very important and it is very effective for communication. To overcome any sort of ethnocentrism the management must remember to accommodate distinctions, avoid any sort of assumptions and it not suppose to make any sort of judgments (Fullmer, 1983). Strategies for Dealing with the Issue Strategy is very important if the company wants to deals with its communication problems.Strategy enables the organization to achieve its stated goals and objectives and in our case would be to overcome the companys communication issues like cultural differences. Once the company has recognized the cultural elements and has overcome its ethnocentrism, the company is then ready to develop strategies which will solve any future communication problems and it will help the employees to communicate effectively. It can be done through the following- 1) The management needs to learn about other cultures, because it would help the management to send and receive intercultural messages effectively. ) Th e employees have to break through the barriers of language to communicate effectively with each other. 3) The employees would need to improve their writing and as well as oral skills (Salwen & Stacks, 2008) Conclusion Communication is the process whereby information is exchanged and understood by 2 or more people, usually with the intention of motivating or influencing people. There are mostly two kinds of communication verbal and non-verbal. Communication among people can be affected by perception, communication channels, nonverbal communication and listening skills.

TOP 10 discoveries of Decade

Discovery of Eris in 2005 by Mike Brown, a minor body that is 27 percent bigger than Pluto. Eris had trumped Pluto and become the 9th largest body known to orbit the sun. The determination became the trigger that changed the face of our solar system, defining the planets and adding Pluto to a ontogenesis family of dwarf planets in 2006 by International Astronomical Union (IAU) 9. T. rex waver Dug from Bone the takey of what appeared to be soft tissues blood vessels, deck up matrix and other cells inside the fossilized femur of a runty T. rex in 2005.(Tyrannosaurus)Since then, the bones have revealed amino acids that resemble those of modern chickens, firming the combine between dinosaurs and birds 8. Dark Matters Existence Confirmed directly is the direct halt of the mysterious patrician matter in the summer of 2006 Until then, the existence of dark matter was inferred by the fact that galaxies have only one-fifth of the manifest matter needed to create the gravity that keeps them intact. So, the rest must be invisible to telescopes That unseen matter is dark. 7. New Human Ancestors Emergeis the subject of new human ancestors, first, in the form of a 6- to 7-million-year-old skull of Sahelanthropus tchadensis known as Toumai, in northern Chad in 2002. Then, in 2009, the nearly complete plan of Ardi, in northeastern Ethiopia bumped the famous Lucy as the earliest, most complete skeleton in the cupboard of a human ancestor ever found 6. Alien Planets Seen Directly is an astronomer seeing alien planets, or exoplanets, directly in 2008, apply the Hubble Space Telescope and the infrared Keck and Gemini observatories in Hawaii5.Humans immix with Machines is the concept of cyborgs that is, half-machine, half-humans, becoming a reality in the last decade, as frequently progress has been made with people controlling robotic limbs and computers with their minds 4. Stem Cells engraft in New Sources is finding of stem cells in new sources in 2007, when scientists from Kyoto University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, essentially turned back the clock for adult skin cells, allowing these bestride cells, which were preprogrammed to become skin, to act like embryonic stem cells3.Mars come up Gives up Signs of Water is the discovery of water ice on the clear of Mars in 2008 by NASAs Mars Phoenix lander 2. Human Genome Mapped is the phylogeny of the rough draft of the entire human genome in the year 2000, followed by a completed version in 2003. Since decoding the human genome, slews of other species have had their genomes sequenced, including pigs, dogs, bees, mosquitoes, puffer fish, chimpanzees, yeast, corn, and rice.With these maps in hand, scientists can and will discover new ways to heal diseases or improve crop yields 1. Glaciers melt Fast When the 21st century began, scientists studying Earths modality thought the gigantic ice caps on Greenland and Antarctica would melt slowly almost the edges and lag behind th e overall global warming of climate. But this departed decade, the warmest on record, proved the climate modelers wrong Glaciers have been melting much faster than ever expected and researchers have been trying to understand wherefore

Purpose and History Essay

The Code of Ur-Nammu assumed an understanding that the law descended from the gods, and the world power or ruler was the administrator of the law on the part of the people. below this code, severe penalties were considered to be unnecessary for the majority of crimes. Since people believed to know how they should roleplay towards each early(a), monetary fines served as a reminder of how to behave (Mark, 2014). The coordinate of the Code of Hammurabi is in truth particular, with each offense having a distinct discipline. The punishments tended to be extremely critical compared to todays modern day standards, umpteen of the offenses resulted in death, disfigurement, or the use of what we know today as heart and soul for eye, tooth for tooth (Lex Talionis Law of Retaliation) philosophy. The Code of Hammurabi is one of the earliest examples of law where the laying claim of innocence has been incorporated, and the acc employ and accuser have the opportunity to produce and present curtilage on their be half(prenominal). However, no provisions were made for extenuating circumstances to be presented in launch to alter any prescribed punishment. History of prison house developmentDuring the early colonial years, prisons had not yet been developed as a form of punishment for crimes. The colonists did however use jails, copying the English remains of g go aways, in order to hold defendants who were awaiting trial or for those already convicted and were awaiting their corporal or capital punishment. These jails had disconsolate conditions. Poor men, women, and children were all housed together, with very little food or sanitary conditions. Offenders who could afford it paid a fee in order to avoid jail this early unloosen strategy enabled the rich to pay a fee in order to be released. The conditions in some(prenominal) the English and colonial jails during the 1600s and 1700s were so deplorable that few doubted the need for reform (Richard P. Seiter, 2011). Comparison of the Pennsylvania and Auburn systemThe Pennsylvania system was known as the adjourn and silent system, with ease enforced and inmates not allowed to see or talk with each early(a). done this approach, it was believed that offenders would not be morally contaminated and be trained in crime by other prisoners. There were several problems with the Pennsylvania system. First, it was about impossible to keep prisoners from seeing and communicating with each other. Second, it was very everywherepriced to operate, as a requirement to keep prisoners separated this increased the tally of staff members needed. Third, there was very limited productivity by inmates, as a requirement to clobber alone in their cubicles did not allow for as much production of goods for resale as was desired. Fourth, opponents of the military operation of the Pennsylvania prisons suggested that the purdah imposed on prisoners made many of them psychogenicly ill. Finally, the planned opera tion was modified almost immediately.Two prisoners were placed in a cell together so one could control a trade from the other and increase the production of goods. The warden of the Eastern Penitentiary, Samuel Wood, used prisoners as servants in his crime syndicate and allowed them to communicate. The Pennsylvania system seemed doomed from its beginning and forced prison operators in other states to search for new approaches to overcome the problems. Although there was great wager in the Pennsylvania system, only two states (New Jersey and Rhode Island) take its separate and silent system. However, both soon abandoned the Pennsylvania system in favor of the improved system that was created in Auburn, New York (Richard P. Seiter, 2011). The Auburn system became known as the congregate and silent system as officials move to reduce the spread of criminal ideas by inmates through silence and exact discipline. Barnes and Teeters describe the enforcement of the system through locks tep marching with eyes downcast, hard ca-ca and activity while outside cells, and prohibitions of inmates even being face to face.after the operation of Auburn was copied at Sing Sing prison in New York, as well as at prisons in other states, the Auburn system was recognized as better than the Pennsylvania system. The prisons were cheaper to take in and operate, the congregate style allowed production of goods and more income for the state, and fewer prisoners developed mental health problems. Other prisons being built across the country adopted the Auburn system. The operation of prisons for sentenced offenders received international attention, and many countries sent representatives to essay the operation of both the Pennsylvania-style and Auburn-style prisons.Although the Pennsylvania style of prisons was seldom favored in the United States, most international visitors found advantages in both, and many best-loved the Pennsylvania system because of its effort to avoid cont amination among prisoners. During the first half of the nineteenth century, the Auburn style of silence, hard work, separation at night, collection during the day to maximize production of goods, and strict control was the method used for most American prisons (Richard P. Seiter, 2011). Impact and involvement of prison labor over timeThroughout US history, there have been many laws both morally and ethically concerning prison labor. The Hawes-Cooper Act and the Ashurst-Sumner Act made interstate trading of prison-made goods illegal. During the 1970s, many of laws regarding prison labor were amended. The Justice System usefulness Act of 1979 allowed for the privatization of prisons and the transport of their goods across state lines. Once this change in the law took place, the prison industry profits sky rocketed from $392 million to $1.31 billion. prison industry partnerships benefit both businesses and inmates. Businesses are provided with a stable, motivated work force, with re duced overhead, an alternative to overseas operations, and a made in the ground forces label. Inmates are provided with income to offset the cost of their incarceration, allows for compensation to victims and provides the inmates family with support. Inmates have the ability to learn a trade and gain valuable work experience (U.S. prison house Labor At Home and Abroad, 2003).ReferencesMark, J. J. (2014). Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved fromhttp//www.ancient.eu.com/Ur-Nammu/Richard P. Seiter. (2011). department of corrections an introduction. Retrieved from Richard P. Seiter, CJA234 Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice Admin/Human function website.U.S. Prison Labor at Home and Abroad. (2003). Retrieved fromhttp//www1.american.edu/TED/jail.htm

Marketing Techniques Are Used to Market Products Essay

P1 describe how marketplaceing techniques argon used to market proceedss in two organisations Marketing is the activity and unconscious lick for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchange a product or service which has values for the customers/clients. Overall it is an integrated process which builds customer affinity and creates an identity for their customers and themselves.However, marketing croup be free into submarkets traffic to Consumer marketing and work to Business marketing.Business to Consumer MarketingThis is the process by which companies create a value for customers and build a absolute customer relationship. Importance of creating a customer relationship is for the course to baffle a return value from the customer (e.g. Newsagent to Consumer).Business to Business MarketingThis is creating a value, solution, and relationship either for a short status or a long term with a headache or a brand. This process generates a dodging that motivates sale s techniques, contrast communication, and business developments (e.g. Wholesalers to Newsagents).A business with an aim is the goal the business lacks to achieve (Long Term). primary quill aim for all business organisations is to add value to the product or service they are providing and whatever businesses involve in making some earnings. Some other aims include more strategic options like expansion, market leadership/ sum up in market share and brand building. Business objective is more of step by step think to wage in order to achieve a stated aim (Short Term). To survive the progress made by the business to achieve the objective, skilful plan usedPrivate SectorBusinesses in the snobby heavens are owned by closed-door individuals or groups. The main aims and objectives of a private celestial sphere business are to shake profit and survive. Examples are Ford, Nokia and Armani. habitual SectorBusinesses in the public sector are owned or controlled by the g everyplacen ment or regional authorities. Public sector businesses aims and objectives are not necessarily aiming to make a profit most of their property comes from funds that are acquired through tax revenue. These types of business organisation for poser are NHS, Fire Services and State Schools.Voluntary SectorsBusinesses in the volunteer sector raise money to support particular cause or provide a service to those in need. Even though unforced sector businesses do not aim to make a profit, they do aim to make a surplus afterwards all be accept been coered. Another aim voluntary sector businesses may have is to increase service provision. Examples of this type of business are Save The Children, genus Cancer Research UK, RSPCA.However, public and voluntary organisations have similar aims to the private sector which is to run efficiently.The three sectors base plan their objectives by using SMARTSpecific making sure the objective is clear and readable.Measureable for example, the inf o can be quantified.Achievable if the objective is possible to be attained.Realistic make sure the objective is real depending on the current stature of the business. cartridge holder Bound making sure the objective can be achieved in an associated time period.Marketing strategies define objectives, plan and produce the way the business is going to satisfy customers in the chosen market. Using market strategy, businesses primp marketing goals, define target markets and describes how the business should work to achieve the localization to have an advantage over its competitors. The process used for marketing strategy has three steps, which are shown below1.Research and PlanningDuring this period, the business/organisation number one develops an understanding and gathers a clear picture of their target customers. As salutary as understanding the customers, the firm alike analyse their market and competition. This gives them a view of what the markets are wanting and what the market needs and too they can follow the steps of the competitors. With this information they can then plan and rootage developing their market strategy.2.Developing The Market StrategyThis is the next step after collecting data from analysing the market and competition and as well as understanding the markets needs and wants. Next steps are to refine the scattering so what would be the best way to deliver the product or service to the target customer. The firm at this point identify their objectives and film the right path to exploit any opportunities seen during the research degree.3.Determining Actions and ControlsFinal stage is when you implement the strategy. So to implement the strategy the organisation has to analyse the monetary costs by creating a budget and evaluate the costs. After having this data calculated, the marketing strategy is then put into action and during the period of the activating of the strategy the firm forget continue to evaluate the effectivene ss of the strategy and either start planning for a modern one or extend if there may be any faults in the late strategy.Now looking at the two businesses given Brodies Beer and Cadburys plc they both are private sector businesses with Brodies Beer having aims to survive and maximising profit and Cadburys plcs aims is to increase growing in market share and maximising profit.Cadburys PlcOne of Cadburys products called Fuse was being developed and Cadburys had an objective set trance working on their new product. Their objectives wereTo grow the market for chocolate confectionary.To increase Cadburys share of the snacking sector.So when developing the product, the objective increase Cadburys share of the snacking sector was set to make sure that when Cadbury launched another product it had a USP (Unique sell Point. Fuse is a snacking and chocolate freeze and was developed to bolster the adjust of Cadburys against the consumer trend towards snacking. Cadburys had a target marke t of ages from 16-34 when launching the fuse suspend and had launched a Fuseday campaign for the release of the chocolate/snacking bar Fuse. They had used locate Marketing by having sponsorship from the Daily Mirror and Live TV and also Public Relation campaign involving national TV, radio and press coverage.The product Fuse was the first national product launch from Cadburys in over 20 years and due to the high marketing commitment over 40 million bars were delivered to trade in the first week of launch. Branding technique was used for all the marketing of the Fuse bar and the campaign called Fuseday it produces a positive image and presents an awareness of the product and fellowship through advertising campaigns with a consistent theme. There are also other marketing techniques that are used for new or be products in a new or existing market, these techniques are growth strategies, survival strategy and relationship marketing.Brodies Beer LtdBrodies Beer is a private limited company in the private sector. They brewer their own beers and also sell them. One of the beers they have is Stillwater, Premium 45, 8.5% Belgian Malt Liquor. 50% Corn and Massive dry hops of Galaxy, Citra, Kohatu Brodies Beer market their products by launching an event which allows the public to examine and ponder round in the brewery looking and tasting the different types of beer free samples. This is one sort of relationship marketing and giving away free samples is an attractive way to crusade their products and the business itself to the open public. This allows customers to have a test drive of the products that the businesses want to promote.The long term of free samples is that the customers will remember this act and will start purchasing the products. Free samples also bring in new customers and new products into the market and this gives Brodies Beer the opportunity to gain new trustworthy customers which is the benefit of relationship marketing. The only drawback to this is the financial investment. All the money played out in brewing the alcohol and then giving most of it as tasters is a drawback as the time and money spent can go to waste if those customers are not going to purchase any beer in the future. However giving away free samples is a win-win strategy for the business as well as the consumers.

Hamlet Essay

crossroads represents many things tragic hero, over-thinking educated man, and curt friend. He is also a revolutionary, a philosopher, and a dreamer, and reconciling these grave qualities with the bad proves as maddening for the audience as it does to small town himself. However, what is much lost in the shuffle of Christian theologies in the laugher is the situation that nihilistic delusion as a persistent force, guiding crossroadss actions (or inaction, as the case whitethorn be) and serving as the catalyst for tragedy. nihilism serves in the play as a kind of apparitional chthonian region into which men like juncture rouse find themselves be pulled into. It represents some(a)thing that, to Hamlet and those like him, comes across as something off a repurchase it represents an opportunity to free is self from the need to act, and instead welcomes someone to become completely absorbed in the world of contemplation. This seems lofty for Hamlet the student, scarcely when he is asked to take action by his ghostlike puzzle, he is torn amid his true nature and that which others expect of him. un up to(p)(p) to believe in himself, Hamlet becomes unable to believe in anything at all, which forms the crux of the plays tragic moral dilemma. Whether Hamlet was mean to be a nihilist or the work nihilistic in nature is a question ripe for debate. According to Donald Wehrs, Placing the threat of nihilism at the heart of tragedy, Shakespeare seems to anticipate, if non inaugurate, Romantic and Modernist vocations for litoffering literature as the site where significance after the debunking of myth and metaphysics may be reclaimed (68).According to such a reading, one of the purposes in the narrative of Hamlet is the debunking of mythology. This would reconcile some of the odder features of the playfor instance, the precise non-Catholic ghost of King Hamlet (himself seemingly a remnant from the nonions of purgatory) juxtapose with in truth Catholic conce rns of whether Claudius will ascend to heaven or fall to hell based on the exact moment that he is killed he cant be killed, according to Hamlet, when he is fit and temperd for his passage.However, Wehrs points out that nihilism is the threat, and not the goal Hamlets tale is not nihilistic simply for the sake of riveting storytelling, alone because it reveals that when lives unravel (as they do in all tragedies), a belief in nothingness effectively leaves nothing stinker no substance lurking behind the shroud of life. Why, then, the debunking? Why bother lampooning the absurdity of certain metaphysical notions/superstitions while still adhering to the Christian belief structure?The answer is as simple as it is striking through the story of Hamlet, Shakespeare attempts to create a system of morality that is independent of religion of spiritual affiliation. After all, Hamlet is shown as someone torn between moralities, weighing the social tariff of honoring his fathers request f or revenge with the spiritual tariff of avoiding bloodshed and murder.He is a man torn apart by his multitude of beliefs, not his lack of beliefsthe famous to be or not to be speech represents a descent into nihilism, but it is an abyss that he was driven into by trying to follow the often-arbitrary dictates of what is right and what is wrong. It is no likeness that the best intentions of Hamlet consign many to a greater extent souls to death than the talk over machinations of Claudius. According Tzachi Zamir, some of Shakespeares tragic characters (such as Macbeth) are able to resolve nihilistic navel-gazing by virtue of action.Hamlet, on the other hand, is to a greater extent interested in escaping (537) the physicality of the world his philosophical nature lends itself more readily to the nihilism that he stumbles into. This is found in the to be or not to be speech, as Hamlet notes With this regard their currents turn skew-whiff / And lose the name of action. It is interes ting to note that the nihilistic Hamlet causes more death and destruction than other tragic characters who view as a spiritual belief structure in place Claudius, as written above, is a cold-blooded murderer, but also a repentant man who does not let his life be consumed by forces beyond his control.Macbeth readily admits that the crimson murder that begins his own tragic downfall will send him to hell, but he cannot help himself. In this spectrum of morality, Shakespeare seems to be implying that good actions can be tainted (following Aristotles Poetics, his tragedies al intimately always feature glorious characters macrocosm brought low) and bad actions can be redeemed (the counterpoint of Shakespeares tragedies are, of course, the comedies, in which everyone is a case of mistaken identity or two outdoor(a) from true love and happy marriage).Hamlet seems to perceive this on some level I must be cruel, hardly to be kind. The get through ugliness, then, becomes inaction Haml ets inaction is a result of his softness to believe in anything, and it seems to clog up the very gears of Hamlets world it is unsurprising, then, that the entirety of that world grinds to a halt from this disruption. Worse still, he tethers the inaction to his ability to reason, when in truth, it is tho reasoning that can present one from nihilism.As Grace Matthews points out, Hamlet, a religious young man, vacillates between faith and atheism, he becomes vulnerable to the deception that evil offers us it is only by resisting succumbing to nihilism through thinking that we can protect our spiritism and live meaningfully as a result. Hamlets sin is not thinking Hamlets sin is overthinking. Perhaps the most strident voice in declaring that Hamlet is a nihilist play is that of Harold Bloom.According to him, Shakespeare invented what Nietzsche, and Dostoevsky, and others afterwards started to call nihilism. Its a pure Shakespearian invention. He links this rather explicitly with the character of Hamlet himself Im not sure that until you have the representation you call Hamlet, that you have anywheresomeone who changes every time he or she speaks, and who does it by this weird thing of overhearing oneself, which I cant find ahead Shakespeare.For Bloom, the notion of Hamlet being nihilistic lies in his personal inability to create an identity for himself his mind is tugged by reason in one direction, by honor in another direction, and by loyalty in yet another direction. As cliche as it may sound, Hamlet is unable to believe in anything else because he is unable to believe in himself. Aside from the obviously bloody consequences, how does this further the notion that Shakespeare intended this to be a negative thinga nihilism to be avoided at all costs, instead of an existential safety blanket for individuals to hide themselves in?The answer to this is the fact that Hamlet is portrayed as less than a person throughout the entirety of the play. In point of fac t, his spectral father truly displays much more personality and substance than his son does. Hamlets identity is in reflection he can be a jocular young man with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, an educated conspirator with Horatio and an raging son with his mother. Without them, though, Hamlet is unable to be anyone at all.Shakespeares Hamlet as a play, and his Hamlet as a character, will hold on the center of debate for centuries more to come. However, it is important that the discussions of fate and philosophythe very kind that Hamlet would have delighted in at Wittenbergdo not overshadow the small things that comprise his tragedy. Shakespeare dangles both Lutheran and Catholic theology in front of both Hamlet and the viewer, but does not advocate one over the other. Rather, both serve as a warning for the only real spiritual evil the inaction of nihilism.Ironically, it is only through the use of reasoning that one can overcome the lure of nihilismthe temptation of surrendering all responsibility and simply succumbing to the ebb and lam of the tides of the world. However, through Hamlet we see that an overabundance of reasoning can actually cause this effect if one overlaps spirituality and secular education, then everything is throw into disarray, and the moral compass is not simply brokenones entire sense of a true moral north is impel right out of the window. In its place is a path that can lead only to heartbreak, bloodshed, and chaos.